Hi Laura!
Not the answer you were hoping for, but here are some thoughts. The CL options you are seeing for card sorts are all I’m aware of, so there does not seem to be any way of determining where an individual card is sorted. Using several MC questions is probably the simplest solution, but you can also build a graph that emulates a card sort and gives you deeper access to where students place individual cards. Here’s one possibility: Graph "Card Sort" • Activity Builder by Desmos
It’s definitely more work to create as a teacher, and the visual is not as nice as a card sort component, but it does open up additional functionality you can’t achieve with a card sort. I hope this helps 